This study aimed to systematically review the literature that has been published on voice disorders related to anxiety and quality of life among those with dysphonia. Only those who had been assessed by a professional or participated in a program of voice treatment participated in the study. The following databases were used for the literature review: MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, LILACS and SciELO databases.The following terms were used: "Randomized clinical trial," "Anxiety," "Voice," "Voice Disorders," "Voice Quality," and "Voice Training." Randomized clinical trials of voice interventions that examined anxiety and quality of life outcomes were included, without language discrimination. Initially, studies were selected through title and abstract analysis, with the text of selected articles read in full. Each stage of all studies was analyzed by 2 independent investigators. Voice data and measured outcomes were analyzed qualitatively. Of 137 studies identified, 3 were ultimately in line with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The GRADE approach was used to determine the evidence quality for each outcome. By using this approach, the quality of the evidence in these studies was low. This assessment was based on methodological limitations, result inconsistency, methodological imprecision, and the absence of odds ratios. The study limitations included bias associated with the use of self-reported data; furthermore, 2 of 3 selected studies were performed with the same sample. Owing to the small number of published studies, further research will be necessary to verify a correlation between voice disorders and either anxiety or quality of life.