OBJECTIVE: case report of Schwannoma of third cranial pair with surgical indication. CASE REPORT: Patient, FCG, 52 years, masculine. QD: Pain in right hemiface associate to the gradual loss of the vision has 90 days. HPMA: Patient tells right algia in hemiface, associate nauseas and vomits with gradual loss of the vision and evident lateral displacement of the eye with extreme tearing of the same side have 90 days. Magnetic resonance: Expansive injury oval intra-orbit right, intraconal and adhered to the muscle corresponding rectum-lateral, measuring 2,7 x 1,7 determining homolateral exophthalmia beyond compression and displacement of optic nerve of the same side. It had intense impregnation of paramagnetic contrast of the related injury. Considered treatment: Resection of tumor of base of skull located in right orbital region and to the level of the body and part of the apophysis pterygoid of the esphenoidal bone with decompression of right optic nerve. Indicated surgery: Esphenoidal Sinusotomy with transetmoid decompression of the optic canal, under endoscopic vision. Pathological Anatomical: Macroscopic examination: Fragment with granular, shining external surface, of yellow off-white coloring. Microscopically examination: It does not have histological signals of malignancy. Compatible fabric with Schwannoma. CONCLUSION: the Schwanoma of the third cranial pair is a rare entity. For being a benign tumor this work aims at in accordance with to determine criteria for surgical indication of the patient the clinical picture. And to establish the time of accompaniment of the patient during the evolution in the one after surgical.