This study aimed to evaluate through a questionnaire applied to parents, the occurrence of otitis media in pre-school, choosing cases with positive history. After selection, we evaluated the auditory perception of these individuals in different environmental conditions (calm, ideal, multiple stimuli, memory, sequencing, and auditory attention), through questionnaires and linking with parents if there is interference in the child's school learning. Have participated in the research to date 15 pre-school, initially, a public school in Marilia, Sao Paulo, aged 4 - 6 years of age and both genders. As a procedure, we used two questionnaires to parents of children. First, we applied the questionnaire otitis media (LIMA-GREGIO, CALAIS AND FENIMAN, 2010), composed of 14 questions, which will select the positive history of otitis media, and later, the questionnaire was applied CHAPPS (SMOSKI et al. In 1992 translated by MANOEL et al. 2010), composed of 35 questions and divided into six groups, which will assess the auditory perception. The results were statistically analyzed for interference to relate the occurrence of otitis media on auditory perception and learning of school children. It is concluded that in this sample were not identified preschool children with positive history of otitis, a more significant amount of children needs to be evaluated for one to evaluate the auditory perception in cases of positive history of otitis under different listening environment in pre-school which justifies the continuation of this study.