PURPOSE: The present study aimed to evaluate different instruments that are used to assess the quality of life in individuals with total laryngectomy. A quantitative and a qualitative analysis were used to compare the use of a semi-structured interview process and questionnaires that are specific for head and neck cancer-UW-QOL, FACT (H&N), and EORTC QLQ (H&N35)-in 4 patients aged 62-68 years with total larynx removal receiving speech therapy for the acquisition of esophageal speech. RESULTS: The use of the semi-structured interview format allowed the clinician to hear her clients better; however, its use is insufficient to assist in the determination of appropriate speech and swallowing therapy strategies. However, population studies invalidate the interview application, and the questionnaires become the better choice. The EORTC QLQ (H&N35) was the most useful questionnaire for speech therapy, the UW-QOL explored mostly physical concerns, and the FACT (H&N) addressed emotional/psychological concerns. CONCLUSION: The results justify the concomitant use of more than one quality of life assessment to assist with the planning of therapeutic strategies and evaluate the dynamics of an individual's quality of life. Because each questionnaire addresses a specific area, choosing the instrument most adequate for the investigation purpose is critical for an efficient quality of life assessment.