Introduction: Vocal fold cover minor structural alterations are characterized by histological disarrangement that impairs the normal vibrant cycle. Objective: The purpose of the present study is to assess the prevalence of these alterations through videolaryngoscopy in children with voice complaints seen at Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo. Material and Methods: From July 2000 to July 2001 we analyzed 32 children who underwent videolaryngoscopy due to vocal complaints. At this study, the main interest was in the sex incidence, type of laryngeal lesion (isolated or associated), glottic closure and presence of suggestive signals of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Results: We found 12 (37,5%) children with vocal fold cysts. The age ranged from 10 to 13 years, with an average of 12 years old; there was no sex correlation. Vasculodisgenesias were the most frequent lesion associated to the cysts and the irregular glottal gap was the most commonly found. No signals of gastroesophageal reflux disease were found in patients with vocal folds cyst. Conclusion: The vocal cover minor structural alterations were found in more than one third of the children studied. The most frequent lesion was the vocal fold cyst.