Objective: The objective of this work is in detecting the prevalence of otorhinolaryngological pathology in the pediatrician soon-aid in a hospital in Itatiba/SP. Casuistry and methods had been evaluated 2054 pediatrician patients, being enclosed all the ones that had looked the soon-aid spontaneously. The study was of the type inquiry. The collection of data was carried through in 103 nocturnal turns that had occurred in 2011, writing down the diagnostic hypothesis, the age and the sex. The study was approved by the committee of ethics and research of the Institution. The collection of data was carried through by an only observer. The patients in two groups had divided themselves in agreement the diagnostic hypothesis: Group A the patients with otorhinolaryngological diagnostic and Group B, whose patients had other diagnostic. Results: Of the total of the carried through attendance, 52.2% corresponded the pertaining patients to the Group A and 47.8% to Group B, whereas 51.9% were of masculine sex and 48.1% of the feminine sex. The average of age of the attendances was of 4,50. In the Group A the average it was of 3,93 and in Group B the average was of 5,03. The prevalence of the diagnostic hypotheses of the group A and the B had been compared. Conclusion: It has one raised number of pediatrician patients with otorhinolaryngological diagnostic in the emergency. We believe that with this data, must be invested in continued education for pediatrician and Otorhinolaryngologist.