The differential diagnosis of lymphadenomegaly should be based on clinical history and laboratory tests, especially in the histopathological analysis. Bartonella henselae, fastidious gram-negative rod that frequently causes bacteremy in cats, is agent should always be associated with lymphadenopathy. Cats are important reservoirs of this microorganism. The cat-scratch disease usually progresses with polyadenopathies related to the inoculation site (per scratching or licking) and mild general symptoms and is usually self-limiting. Rarely the disease complicated by visceral involvement, ocular and neurological. In some cases, there is persistent and suppurative poliadenophaty. This case presents the changes described by a man of 28 years old, fireman, with bilateral cervical poliadenophaty associated with low-grade fever developed with tables of contents of lymphadenopathy between courses of empirical antibiotic therapy. In some situations, the etiology is complex, requiring serology, histopathology, or both to clarify the case. This case report emphasizes the importance of differential diagnosis of persistent lymphadenomegaly, which should always include infection with Bartonella henselae among the etiologies.