The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reasons why some patients submitted to the vestibular rehabilitation have no improvement, even when correctly performed. The rehabilitation exercises are of some use to many patients with vestibular dysfunction, but not all. After a initial evaluation of 116 cases of imbalance due to different etiologies, 27 (23%) patients had no improvement. Among these, 30% had vascular problems, 23% had central lesions, 19% had psychiatric alterations, 12% had endolymphatic hydrops, 8% metabolic disturbances and 8% had no final diagnose. We concluded that even in cases when the rehabilitation exercises led no evident improvement of the symptoms, it contributed to find the real cause of the imbalance, working as an auxiliary method.