OBJECTIVE: To analyze the results of hearing screening of newborns which were exposed to psychoactive drugs during the pregnancy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional retrospective observational study, made from analysis of the database, through analysis of medical records. We selected the records of babies whose mothers used drugs during pregnancy, and this data coming from medical records in the records of the same. These records were analyzed using the following data: date on which the screening was done, mother's name, medical record number, birth date, birth time, birth weight, gestational age, Apgar score 1 minute and 5 minutes, sex, medical observations, record of drug use by the mother, parental consanguinity, where it was done sorting, routing, speech therapists charge, current situation in which the infant is in the newborn hearing screening protocol performed in the hospital and test results and / or retest the hearing screening of their babies. Results and CONCLUSIONS: Of the babies screened in the range of 9 December of 2008 until December 29 of 2011, 143 were exposed to psychoactive drugs during pregnancy and of these, 36 were referred to retest fail this test, the 46 monitoring hearing because they have risk factors (Joint Committee, 2007) associated, and 3 to high complexity for failing the retest.