Central auditory dysfunction or central auditory processing disorders affect the ability of analyzing and/or interpreting sound patterns. The audiologic evaluation of the central auditory system is very complex, once the anatomy and physiology of this system are not completely understood. New technological developments and resources are turning this evaluation possible, trying to define which tests are more effective and adequate in evaluating the central auditory processing abilities. The literature on this issue clearly shows that the diagnosis of central auditory disorders is often a challenge, requiring specific procedures and knowledge of the professionals involved, either otorhinolaryngologists or audiologists.