Introduction: The ideal animal model for nerve regeneration studies is the object of controversy, because all models described by the literature have advantages and disadvantages.

Objective: To describe the histologic and functional patterns of the mandibular branch of the facial nerve of Wistar rats to create a new experimental model of facial nerve regeneration.

Methods: Forty-two male rats were submitted to a nerve conduction test of the mandibular branch to obtain the compound muscle action potential. Twelve of these rats had the mandibular branch surgically removed and submitted to histologic analysis (number, partial density, and axonal diameter) of the proximal and distal segments.

Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the functional and histologic variables studied.

Conclusion: These new histologic and functional standards of the mandibular branch of the facial nerve of rats establish an objective, easy, and greatly reproducible model for future facial nerve regeneration studies.