OBJECTIVE: To define the profile of children submitted to hearing screening. Method: The research was based on data from auditory screening performed on children aged between one month old and two years old at a private clinic between 2002 and 2009. The children underwent a protocol based on anamnesis and research of transient otoacoustic emissions. Protocols of 1342, 847 had sufficient information for the study. We considered the variables age, sex, gestational age (IG), type of delivery, birth weight and risk indicators (IR). RESULTS: The mean age of children was 1.7 months (minimum 1 month and up to 24 months). It was found that 431 (50.9%) belonged to males and 416 (49.1%) were females. Regarding the type of delivery, 114 (13.5%) were delivered vaginally and 733 (86.5%) were born by cesarean section. The mean IG was 38 weeks (minimum 26 and maximum 42 weeks). The average birth weight was 3173g (minimum 770 and maximum of 4790g). Presence of IR was observed in 164 children (19.3%) being the most frequent admission to neonatal ICU, use of oxygen, use of ototoxic drugs, and jaundice with exchange transfusion. CONCLUSION: We found that the age of screening was high for the early detection of hearing loss, there was a balance of sex, in most cases it was found cesarean delivery, with a mean IG of 38 weeks and birth weight of 3173g with higher prevalence of indicators pre or post-natal.