OBJECTIVE: To characterize the types of dysphagia, sex, age group, the cough reflex, the laryngeal elevation and vocal quality in dysphagic patients from a teaching hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: cross-sectional, observational, analytical, quantitative and retrospective in database of dysphagic patients of hospital-school. RESULTS: Records of 12 subjects with dysphagia, nine (75%) were male and three (25%) were female. Six adults were middle-aged (45 to 64 years old - 50%), two elderly (65 to 79 years old - 16.66%), two young adults (18 to 44 years old - 16.66%) and two elderly over 80 years (16.66%). Regarding the type of dysphagia, six (50%) had neurogenic dysphagia and six (50%) mechanical dysphagia. Ten (81.82%) had no cough reflex, seven (58.33%) had adequate laryngeal elevation and five (41.67%) decreased laryngeal elevation. Regarding voice quality, eight (66.67%) presented dysphonia / aphonia, three (25%) had wet voice, and one (8.33%) had dysarthrophonia. CONCLUSION: The group was characterized by the predominance of male, middle-aged adults, absence of cough reflex, laryngeal elevation and adequate presence of dysphonia / aphonia, but no predominant type of dysphagia. The prevalence of dysphonia / aphonia emphasizes the need to better investigate the matter in vocal assessment of dysphagia, as during swallowing, the vocal folds come together firmly, and when there are changes in this mechanism the patient can look forward part of the ingested food.