Introduction: Dizziness is one of the most important symptoms in the worldwide population. The method most used to identify vestibular disturbances is the eletronystagmography, especially the caloric tests. Due to the incidence of this symptom, new treatments have been employed to improve them. Objective: To access the relationship between the results of the caloric tests and the improvement obtained with the vestibular rehabilitation. Methods: Sixty five patients from the Otolaryngology Department of the Hospital das Clínicas of the University of São Paulo Medical School were analyzed from January 2000 to May 2003. Patients with different results in the caloric tests presented similar improvements with the vestibular rehabilitation, except the groups with bilateral vestibular hypofunction and directional preponderance, whose results were worse than the entire group. Conclusion: Patients with bilateral vestibular hypofunction and directional preponderance had worse improvement compared to the totality of the patients studied.